In Canada, what counts as physical punishment of a child?

Section 43 of the Criminal Code of Canada, enacted in 1892, provides parents, teachers and caregivers — including babysitters and foster parents — a defence to an assault charge when they use corporal punishment as “reasonable force” to discipline children.   Section 43 contemplates four elements which must be present if the disciplining is to be justified: (a) a certain relation between […]