Section 380 of the Criminal Code of Canada defines fraud as any act involving “deceit, falsehood, or other fraudulent means” to defraud the public or an individual of money, property, or valuable security. This section encompasses a broad spectrum of fraudulent activities, aiming to safeguard financial and property interests while promoting integrity in personal and business dealings. Key Types of […]

Under section 348 of the Criminal Code, break and enter is defined as entering a place, which includes residence, business or other property, without permission and with an intent to commit a crime. A forced entry, such as damaging a lock, a door or a window, is not required. Entering the place through an open window or an unlocked door, if you did […]

The Criminal Code definition of robbery is provided below: 343. Every one commits robbery who (a) steals, and for the purpose of extorting whatever is stolen or to prevent or overcome resistance to the stealing, uses violence or threats of violence to a person or property; (b) steals from any person and, at the time he steals or immediately before or immediately […]

The common law best evidence rule requires that the evidence presented in court must be the original, unless the party is not able to do so; the court then can accept a secondary copy where it is satisfied that the original was lost, destroyed or otherwise unavailable in good faith. The common law best evidence rule is to ensure the integrity of […]